Impact of climatic disturbances on the chemical compositions and metabolites of <i>Salvia officinalis</i>

Abstract Aromatic and medicinal plants in ecosystems are subject to various climatic disturbances that impact their morphological physiological processes. Although have mechanisms adapt conditions, such as periods of drought lack precipitation, metabolism is still affected. This study aimed predict evaluate the behavior Salvia officinalis under disturbances. Over a period 4 years controlled environment, three treatments were applied plant: Treatment 1 with normal monthly average temperature precipitation first year; 2 increase 5°C 50% reduction water supply second 3 10°C 75% fourth year. The results show percentage primary metabolites, including nutritional values, changed increasing decreasing precipitation. had 7.13% protein, 6.21% carbohydrate, 1.35% lipid, 4% dietary fiber, while 7.05% 5.12% 1.01% 3.01% 6.86% 3.02% 0.52% 2.34% fiber. mineral composition plant also each treatment, Mg from 10.02 8.55 0.05%, Fe 8.18 8 7.62%, K 5.55 5.05 4.02%, Mn 5.54 5.11 3.48%, Ca 4.65 2.75 1.23%, P 3.37 3.05 2.25%. Regarding secondary alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, tannins, essential oil yield well. showed an decrease. Alkaloids increased 9.56 13.68 11.3%, flavonoids 7.53 13.48 10.49%, saponins 5.23 7.44 6%, coumarins 3.35 4.85 3.99%, tannins 2.26 3.22 2.62%, 0.53 0.80 0.62%. Gas chromatography analysis revealed major compounds oils , α-thujone, manool, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, viridiflorol, 1,8-cineol, camphor, modified by stress.